Pengaruh Variasi Arus Pengelasan SMAW Terhadap Kekuatan Tarik Dan Bending Baja ST 37 Dengan Elektroda E7016
Keywords:
Current variation, ST 37 steal, tensile strength, Microstructure, bending strengthAbstract
Paddock is an optional component used to support a motorcycle in a stable position when not in use. However, paddocks made from low carbon steel such as ST 37 are still at risk of structural failure, such as cracking or bending, due to suboptimal weld joint quality. This study aims to determine the maximum tensile and bending strength of welded joints on ST 37 steel for paddock applications. An experimental method was used to analyze the effect of varying SMAW welding currents on the tensile and bending strength of welded joints on ST 37 steel. The study employed welding currents of 90 A, 100 A, and 110 A, using E7016 electrodes with a diameter of 3.2 mm, V-groove type welds at 60°, butt joint type, 1G welding position, tensile testing based on ASTM E8, microstructure observation, and bending testing according to ASTM E290 standards. Statistical analysis using One Way ANOVA and Tukey HSD test confirmed significant differences among the current variations. The results showed that the welding current variation significantly affected both tensile and bending strength. The highest tensile strength was obtained at 110 A with an average stress of 433.59 N/mm², strain of 25%, and modulus of elasticity of 1770.08 N/mm². The 110 A current produced the best microstructure with dominant and evenly distributed acicular ferrite, finer grain size, and optimal metal fusion. This structure enhanced mechanical strength, resulting in ductile fracture characteristics. The highest bending strength was also achieved at 110 A, with an average value of 1657.75 N/mm².
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